exosomes promote restoration from traumatic mind damage by way of microglia

ataxin

Mechanical stress promotes angiogenesis by means of fibroblast exosomes

 

Background: Mechanical stress can induce a number of purposeful modifications in vascular endothelial cells, together with proliferation, differentiation, and migration. Moreover, human fibroblasts are inclined to exterior mechanical stress. On this work, we investigated whether or not mechanical stress can induce exosome secretion from fibroblasts to modulate angiogenesis.

 

Strategies: A CCK-Eight cell proliferation assay was used to find out mechanical parameters. Then, exosomes from fibroblasts had been remoted and characterised with regard to focus and markers. We subsequently explored the impact of exosomes on proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis. Moreover, high-throughput sequencing was used to display screen differentially expressed miRNAs within the mechanical stress-induced exosomes.

 

Outcomes: A static stretching of 15% considerably enhanced the cell viability of the fibroblasts (p < 0.05) and considerably induced the secretion of exosomes from the fibroblasts, which had a stronger internalization capacity. Additional experiments demonstrated that the presence of static stretching-induced exosomes considerably elevated cell proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis by regulating the Erk1/2 signaling pathway. Moreover, 12 up-regulated and 12 down-regulated candidate miRNAs had been discriminated within the static stretching-induced exosomes.

 

Conclusion: Our findings conclusively exhibit that static stretching-derived exosomes from fibroblasts promote angiogenesis by means of differentially expressed miRNAs, offering novel insights into the molecular mechanism by which mechanical stress influences angiogenesis.

ataxin

ataxin

EZLabel? Antibody Cy3 Labeling Kit
K836-5
EUR 424.8

EZLabel? Antibody Cy5 Labeling Kit
K838-5
EUR 424.8

EZLabel? Antibody RPE Labeling Kit
K4313-1
EUR 966

EZLabel? Antibody HRP Labeling Kit
K4310-1
EUR 836.4

Mix-n-Stain CF350 Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(50-100ug) labeling
92230 1KIT
EUR 222
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain CF405S Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(50-100ug) labeling
92231 1KIT
EUR 222
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain CF405M Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(50-100ug) labeling
92232 1KIT
EUR 222
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain CF488A Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(50-100ug) labeling
92233 1KIT
EUR 222
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain CF555 Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(50-100ug) labeling
92234 1KIT
EUR 222
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain CF568 Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(50-100ug) labeling
92235 1KIT
EUR 222
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain CF594 Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(50-100ug) labeling
92236 1KIT
EUR 222
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain CF633 Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(50-100ug) labeling
92237 1KIT
EUR 222
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain CF647 Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(50-100ug) labeling
92238 1KIT
EUR 222
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain CF660C Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(50-100ug) labeling
92239 1KIT
EUR 222
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain CF680 Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(50-100ug) labeling
92240 1KIT
EUR 222
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain CF750 Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(50-100ug) labeling
92241 1KIT
EUR 222
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain CF770 Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(50-100ug) labeling
92242 1KIT
EUR 222
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain CF660R Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(50-100ug) labeling
92243 1KIT
EUR 222
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain Biotin Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(50-100ug) labeling
92244 1KIT
EUR 222
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain CF640R Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(50-100ug) labeling
92245 1KIT
EUR 222
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain CF680R Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(50-100ug) labeling
92246 1KIT
EUR 222
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain CF543 Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(50-100ug) labeling
92247 1KIT
EUR 222
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain CF790 Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(50-100ug) labeling
92248 1KIT
EUR 222
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain CF350 Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(20-50ug) labeling
92250 1KIT
EUR 206.4
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain CF405S Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(20-50ug) labeling
92251 1KIT
EUR 206.4
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain CF405M Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(20-50ug) labeling
92252 1KIT
EUR 206.4
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain CF488A Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(20-50ug) labeling
92253 1KIT
EUR 206.4
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain CF555 Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(20-50ug) labeling
92254 1KIT
EUR 206.4
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain CF568 Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(20-50ug) labeling
92255 1KIT
EUR 206.4
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain CF594 Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(20-50ug) labeling
92256 1KIT
EUR 206.4
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain CF633 Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(20-50ug) labeling
92257 1KIT
EUR 206.4
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain CF640R Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(20-50ug) labeling
92258 1KIT
EUR 206.4
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain CF647 Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(20-50ug) labeling
92259 1KIT
EUR 206.4
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain CF660C Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(20-50ug) labeling
92260 1KIT
EUR 206.4
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain CF660R Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(20-50ug) labeling
92261 1KIT
EUR 206.4
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain CF680 Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(20-50ug) labeling
92262 1KIT
EUR 206.4
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain CF680R Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(20-50ug) labeling
92263 1KIT
EUR 206.4
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain CF750 Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(20-50ug) labeling
92264 1KIT
EUR 206.4
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain CF770 Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(20-50ug) labeling
92265 1KIT
EUR 206.4
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain Biotin Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(20-50ug) labeling
92266 1KIT
EUR 206.4
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain CF543 Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(20-50ug) labeling
92267 1KIT
EUR 206.4
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain CF790 Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(20-50ug) labeling
92268 1KIT
EUR 206.4
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain CF350 Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(5-20ug) labeling
92270 1KIT
EUR 193.2
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain CF405S Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(5-20ug) labeling
92271 1KIT
EUR 193.2
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain CF405M Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(5-20ug) labeling
92272 1KIT
EUR 193.2
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain CF488A Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(5-20ug) labeling
92273 1KIT
EUR 193.2
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain CF555 Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(5-20ug) labeling
92274 1KIT
EUR 193.2
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain CF568 Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(5-20ug) labeling
92275 1KIT
EUR 193.2
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain CF594 Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(5-20ug) labeling
92276 1KIT
EUR 193.2
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain CF633 Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(5-20ug) labeling
92277 1KIT
EUR 193.2
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain CF640R Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(5-20ug) labeling
92278 1KIT
EUR 193.2
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain CF647 Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(5-20ug) labeling
92279 1KIT
EUR 193.2
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain CF660C Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(5-20ug) labeling
92280 1KIT
EUR 193.2
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain CF660R Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(5-20ug) labeling
92281 1KIT
EUR 193.2
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain CF680 Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(5-20ug) labeling
92282 1KIT
EUR 193.2
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain CF680R Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(5-20ug) labeling
92283 1KIT
EUR 193.2
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain CF750 Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(5-20ug) labeling
92284 1KIT
EUR 193.2
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain CF770 Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(5-20ug) labeling
92285 1KIT
EUR 193.2
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain Biotin Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(5-20ug) labeling
92286 1KIT
EUR 193.2
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain CF543 Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(5-20ug) labeling
92287 1KIT
EUR 193.2
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain CF790 Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(5-20ug) labeling
92288 1KIT
EUR 193.2
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain CF532 Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(5-20ug) labeling
92289 1KIT
EUR 193.2
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain CF532 Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(20-50ug) labeling
92290 1Kit
EUR 206.4
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1Kit

Mix-n-Stain CF532 Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(50-100ug) labeling
92291 1KIT
EUR 222
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain FITC Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(5-20ug) labeling
92294 1KIT
EUR 144
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain FITC Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(20-50ug) labeling
92295 1KIT
EUR 158.4
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain FITC Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(50-100ug) labeling
92296 1KIT
EUR 171.6
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain RPE Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(5-20ug) labeling
92297 1KIT
EUR 199.2
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain RPE Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(25-50ug) labeling
92298 1KIT
EUR 212.4
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain RPE Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(50-100ug) labeling
92299 1KIT
EUR 226.8
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain HRP Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(10-20ug) labeling
92300 1KIT
EUR 186
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain HRP Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(25-50ug) labeling
92301 1KIT
EUR 199.2
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain HRP Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(50-100ug) labeling
92302 1KIT
EUR 212.4
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain CF405L Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(5-20ug) labeling
92303 1KIT
EUR 193.2
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain CF405L Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(20-50ug) labeling
92304 1Kit
EUR 206.4
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1Kit

Mix-n-Stain CF405L Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(50-100ug) labeling
92305 1KIT
EUR 222
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain APC Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(25-50ug) labeling
92306 1KIT
EUR 212.4
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain APC Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(50-100ug) labeling
92307 1KIT
EUR 226.8
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain PerCP Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(25-50ug) labeling
92308 1KIT
EUR 212.4
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain PerCP Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(50-100ug) labeling
92309 1KIT
EUR 226.8
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain CF430 Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(5-20ug) labeling
92316 1KIT
EUR 222
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain CF430 Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(20-50ug) labeling
92317 1Kit
EUR 234
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1Kit

Mix-n-Stain CF430 Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(50-100ug) labeling
92318 1KIT
EUR 248.4
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain CF440 Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(5-20ug) labeling
92319 1KIT
EUR 222
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain CF440 Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(20-50ug) labeling
92320 1Kit
EUR 234
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1Kit

Mix-n-Stain CF440 Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(50-100ug) labeling
92321 1KIT
EUR 248.4
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain CF450 Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(5-20ug) labeling
92322 1KIT
EUR 222
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain CF450 Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(20-50ug) labeling
92323 1Kit
EUR 234
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1Kit

Mix-n-Stain CF450 Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(50-100ug) labeling
92324 1KIT
EUR 248.4
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain DNP Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(5-20ug) labeling
92325 1KIT
EUR 206.4
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

MSC-derived exosomes promote restoration from traumatic mind damage by way of microglia/macrophages in rat

 

Traumatic mind damage (TBI) is a number one reason behind morbidity and mortality in younger people worldwide. There may be presently no efficient scientific therapy for TBI, however mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes have exhibited promising therapeutic results.

On this examine, we carried out intracerebroventricular microinjection of human adipose mesenchymal stem cell (hADSC)-derived exosomes (hADSC-ex) in a weight-drop-induced TBI rat mannequin. We discovered that hADSC-ex promoted purposeful restoration, suppressed neuroinflammation, lowered neuronal apoptosis, and elevated neurogenesis in TBI rats.

The therapeutic results of hADSC-ex had been akin to these of hADSC. Sequential in vivo imaging revealed growing aggregation of DiR-labeled hADSC-ex within the lesion space. Immunofluorescent staining of coronal mind sections and first combined neural cell cultures revealed distinct overlap between CM-DiI-labeled hADSC-ex and microglia/macrophages, indicating that hADSC-ex had been primarily taken up by microglia/macrophages.

In a lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory mannequin, hADSC-ex suppressed microglia/macrophage activation by inhibiting nuclear issue κB and P38 mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling. These information counsel that hADSC-ex particularly enter microglia/macrophages and suppress their activation throughout mind damage, thereby inhibiting irritation and facilitating purposeful restoration.

In addition they supply new perception into the mobile concentrating on, uptake and migration of hADSC-ex, and supply a theoretical foundation for brand spanking new therapeutic methods for central nervous system ailments.

The Position of Exosomes in Stemness and Neurodegenerative Ailments-Chemoresistant-Most cancers Therapeutics and Phytochemicals

 

  • Exosomes exhibit a variety of organic properties and features within the residing organisms. They’re nanometric automobiles and used for delivering medication, as they’re biocompatible and minimally immunogenic. Exosomal secretions derived from most cancers cells contribute to metastasis, immortality, angiogenesis, tissue invasion, stemness and chemo/radio-resistance.

 

  • Exosome-derived microRNAs (miRNAs) and lengthy non-coding RNAs (lnc RNAs) are concerned within the pathophysiology of cancers and neurodegenerative ailments. As an illustration, exosomes derived from mesenchymal stromal cells, astrocytes, macrophages, and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells are concerned within the most cancers development and stemness as they induce chemotherapeutic drug resistance in a number of most cancers cells.

 

  • This evaluation lined the current analysis advances in understanding the position of exosomes in most cancers development, metastasis, angiogenesis, stemness and drug resistance by illustrating the modulatory results of exosomal cargo (ex. miRNA, lncRNAs, and so on.) on cell signaling pathways concerned in most cancers development and most cancers stem cell progress and growth. Current stories have implicated exosomes even within the therapy of a number of cancers.

 

  • As an illustration, exosomes-loaded with novel anti-cancer medication reminiscent of phytochemicals, tumor-targeting proteins, anticancer peptides, nucleic acids are identified to intrude with drug resistance pathways in a number of most cancers cell traces. As well as, this evaluation depicted the necessity to develop exosome-based novel diagnostic biomarkers for early detection of cancers and neurodegenerative illness.

 

  • Moreover, the position of exosomes in stroke and oxidative stress-mediated neurodegenerative ailments together with Alzheimer’s illness (AD), and Parkinson’s illness (PD) can also be mentioned on this article..

 

Exosome Component 3 (EXOSC3) Antibody (Biotin)
20-abx312072
  • EUR 493.20
  • EUR 2214.00
  • EUR 718.80
  • EUR 218.40
  • EUR 360.00
  • 100 ug
  • 1 mg
  • 200 ug
  • 20 ug
  • 50 ug

Exosome Component 1 (EXOSC1) Antibody (Biotin)
20-abx312488
  • EUR 493.20
  • EUR 2214.00
  • EUR 718.80
  • EUR 218.40
  • EUR 360.00
  • 100 ug
  • 1 mg
  • 200 ug
  • 20 ug
  • 50 ug

Exosome Component 8 (EXOSC8) Antibody (Biotin)
20-abx310196
  • EUR 493.20
  • EUR 2214.00
  • EUR 718.80
  • EUR 218.40
  • EUR 360.00
  • 100 ug
  • 1 mg
  • 200 ug
  • 20 ug
  • 50 ug

ACE2 Antibody (biotin)
3217-biotin-002mg 0.02 mg
EUR 229.7
Description: ACE2 Antibody: Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) plays a central role in vascular, renal, and myocardial physiology. In contrast to its homolog ACE, ACE2 expression is restricted to heart, kidney, and testis. Recently. ACE2 has also been shown to be a functional receptor of the SARS coronavirus. Homology modeling shows 2019-nCoV has a similar receptor-binding domain structure as SARS-CoV, which suggests COVID-19 (2019-nCoV) may use ACE2 as a receptor in humans for infection. The normal function of ACE2 is to convert the inactive vasoconstrictor angiotensin I (AngI) to Ang1-9 and the active form AngII to Ang1-7, unlike ACE, which converts AngI to AngII. While the role of these vasoactive peptides is not well understood, lack of ACE2 expression in ace2-/ace2- mice leads to severely reduced cardiac contractility, indicating its importance in regulating heart function.

ACE2 Antibody (biotin)
3217-biotin-01mg 0.1 mg
EUR 594.26
Description: ACE2 Antibody: Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) plays a central role in vascular, renal, and myocardial physiology. In contrast to its homolog ACE, ACE2 expression is restricted to heart, kidney, and testis. Recently. ACE2 has also been shown to be a functional receptor of the SARS coronavirus. Homology modeling shows 2019-nCoV has a similar receptor-binding domain structure as SARS-CoV, which suggests COVID-19 (2019-nCoV) may use ACE2 as a receptor in humans for infection. The normal function of ACE2 is to convert the inactive vasoconstrictor angiotensin I (AngI) to Ang1-9 and the active form AngII to Ang1-7, unlike ACE, which converts AngI to AngII. While the role of these vasoactive peptides is not well understood, lack of ACE2 expression in ace2-/ace2- mice leads to severely reduced cardiac contractility, indicating its importance in regulating heart function.

CX3CR1 Antibody (biotin)
2093-biotin-002mg 0.02 mg
EUR 206.18
Description: CX3CR1 Antibody: CX3CR1 is one of the chemokine receptors that are required as coreceptors for HIV infection. The genes encoding human, murine, and rat CX3CR1 were cloned and designated V28 and CMKBRL1, CX3CR1, and RBS11, respectively. The encoded seven transmembrane protein was recently identified as the receptor for a novel transmembrane molecule, fractalkine, and renamed CX3CR1. Recently, CX3CR1 was found to serve as a coreceptor for HIV-1 and HIV-2 envelope fusion and virus infection, which can be inhibited by fractokine. CX3CR1 mediates leukocyte migration and adhesion. CX3CR1 is expressed in a variety of human tissues and cell lines.

CX3CR1 Antibody (biotin)
2093-biotin-01mg 0.1 mg
EUR 523.7
Description: CX3CR1 Antibody: CX3CR1 is one of the chemokine receptors that are required as coreceptors for HIV infection. The genes encoding human, murine, and rat CX3CR1 were cloned and designated V28 and CMKBRL1, CX3CR1, and RBS11, respectively. The encoded seven transmembrane protein was recently identified as the receptor for a novel transmembrane molecule, fractalkine, and renamed CX3CR1. Recently, CX3CR1 was found to serve as a coreceptor for HIV-1 and HIV-2 envelope fusion and virus infection, which can be inhibited by fractokine. CX3CR1 mediates leukocyte migration and adhesion. CX3CR1 is expressed in a variety of human tissues and cell lines.

Anti-human CD14 Monoclonal Antibody Biotin Conjugated, Flow Validated
FC00137-Biotin 100µg
EUR 279.6
Description: Mouse Monoclonal human CD14 Antibody Biotin Conjugated, Flow Validated. Validated in Flow Cytometry and tested in Human.

Anti-human CD11b Monoclonal Antibody Biotin Conjugated, Flow Validated
FC00144-Biotin 100µg
EUR 182.4
Description: Mouse Monoclonal human CD11b Antibody Biotin Conjugated, Flow Validated. Validated in Flow Cytometry and tested in Human.

Anti-human CD19 Monoclonal Antibody Biotin Conjugated, Flow Validated
FC00154-Biotin 100µg
EUR 182.4
Description: Mouse Monoclonal human CD19 Antibody Biotin Conjugated, Flow Validated. Validated in Flow Cytometry and tested in Human.

Anti-human CD38 Monoclonal Antibody Biotin Conjugated, Flow Validated
FC00193-Biotin 100µg
EUR 182.4
Description: Mouse Monoclonal human CD38 Antibody Biotin Conjugated, Flow Validated. Validated in Flow Cytometry and tested in Human.

Anti-human CD25 Monoclonal Antibody Biotin Conjugated, Flow Validated
FC00214-Biotin 100µg
EUR 279.6
Description: Mouse Monoclonal human CD25 Antibody Biotin Conjugated, Flow Validated. Validated in Flow Cytometry and tested in Human.

Anti-human CD4 Monoclonal Antibody Biotin Conjugated, Flow Validated
FC00344-Biotin 100µg
EUR 182.4
Description: Mouse Monoclonal human CD4 Antibody Biotin Conjugated, Flow Validated. Validated in Flow Cytometry and tested in Human.

Anti-human CD5 Monoclonal Antibody Biotin Conjugated, Flow Validated
FC00480-Biotin 100µg
EUR 279.6
Description: Mouse Monoclonal human CD5 Antibody Biotin Conjugated, Flow Validated. Validated in Flow Cytometry and tested in Human.

Anti-human CD45 Monoclonal Antibody Biotin Conjugated, Flow Validated
FC00555-Biotin 100µg
EUR 182.4
Description: Mouse Monoclonal human CD45 Antibody Biotin Conjugated, Flow Validated. Validated in Flow Cytometry and tested in Human.

Anti-human CD2 Monoclonal Antibody Biotin Conjugated, Flow Validated
FC00570-Biotin 100µg
EUR 279.6
Description: Mouse Monoclonal human CD2 Antibody Biotin Conjugated, Flow Validated. Validated in Flow Cytometry and tested in Human.

Anti-human CD71 Monoclonal Antibody Biotin Conjugated, Flow Validated
FC00591-Biotin 100µg
EUR 294
Description: Mouse Monoclonal human CD71 Antibody Biotin Conjugated, Flow Validated. Validated in Flow Cytometry and tested in Human.

Anti-human CD62L Monoclonal Antibody Biotin Conjugated, Flow Validated
FC00652-Biotin 100µg
EUR 279.6
Description: Mouse Monoclonal human CD62L Antibody Biotin Conjugated, Flow Validated. Validated in Flow Cytometry and tested in Human.

Anti-human CD59 Monoclonal Antibody Biotin Conjugated, Flow Validated
FC00914-Biotin 100µg
EUR 318
Description: Mouse Monoclonal human CD59 Antibody Biotin Conjugated, Flow Validated. Validated in Flow Cytometry and tested in Human.

Anti-human CD117 Monoclonal Antibody Biotin Conjugated, Flow Validated
FC01335-Biotin 100μg
EUR 268.8
Description: Mouse Monoclonal human CD117 Antibody Biotin Conjugated, Flow Validated. Validated in Flow Cytometry and tested in Human.

Anti-human CD32 Monoclonal Antibody Biotin Conjugated, Flow Validated
FC01450-Biotin 100µg
EUR 279.6
Description: Mouse Monoclonal human CD32 Antibody Biotin Conjugated, Flow Validated. Validated in Flow Cytometry and tested in Human.

Anti-human CD90 Monoclonal Antibody Biotin Conjugated, Flow Validated
FC01818-Biotin 100µg
EUR 321.6
Description: Mouse Monoclonal human CD90 Antibody Biotin Conjugated, Flow Validated. Validated in Flow Cytometry and tested in Human.

Anti-human CD7 Monoclonal Antibody Biotin Conjugated, Flow Validated
FC01974-Biotin 100µg
EUR 279.6
Description: Mouse Monoclonal human CD7 Antibody Biotin Conjugated, Flow Validated. Validated in Flow Cytometry and tested in Human.

Anti-human CD235a Monoclonal Antibody Biotin Conjugated, Flow Validated
FC02184-Biotin 100µg
EUR 294
Description: Mouse Monoclonal human CD235a Antibody Biotin Conjugated, Flow Validated. Validated in Flow Cytometry and tested in Human.

Anti-human CD8 Monoclonal Antibody Biotin Conjugated, Flow Validated
FC02236-Biotin 100µg
EUR 182.4
Description: Mouse Monoclonal human CD8 Antibody Biotin Conjugated, Flow Validated. Validated in Flow Cytometry and tested in Human.

Anti-Human VEGI Monoclonal Antibody Biotin Conjugated, Flow Validated
FC02402-Biotin Various Sizes
EUR 596.4
Description: Mouse Monoclonal Human VEGI Antibody Biotin Conjugated, Flow Validated. Validated in WB and tested in Human.

Anti-human CD3 Monoclonal Antibody Biotin Conjugated, Flow Validated
FC02675-Biotin 100µg
EUR 182.4
Description: Mouse Monoclonal human CD3 Antibody Biotin Conjugated, Flow Validated. Validated in Flow Cytometry and tested in Human.

Anti-human CD20 Monoclonal Antibody Biotin Conjugated, Flow Validated
FC03780-Biotin 100µg
EUR 279.6
Description: Mouse Monoclonal human CD20 Antibody Biotin Conjugated, Flow Validated. Validated in Flow Cytometry and tested in Human.

Anti-human CD10 Monoclonal Antibody Biotin Conjugated, Flow Validated
FC04065-Biotin 100µg
EUR 226.8
Description: Mouse Monoclonal human CD10 Antibody Biotin Conjugated, Flow Validated. Validated in Flow Cytometry and tested in Human.

Anti-human CD57 Monoclonal Antibody Biotin Conjugated, Flow Validated
FC09548-Biotin 100µg
EUR 294
Description: Mouse Monoclonal human CD57 Antibody Biotin Conjugated, Flow Validated. Validated in Flow Cytometry and tested in Human.

Anti-human HLA-DR Monoclonal Antibody Biotin Conjugated, Flow Validated
FC00568-Biotin 100µg
EUR 279.6
Description: Mouse Monoclonal human HLA-DR Antibody Biotin Conjugated, Flow Validated. Validated in Flow Cytometry and tested in Human.

Anti-human CD55/Daf Monoclonal Antibody Biotin Conjugated, Flow Validated
FC00910-Biotin 100µg
EUR 279.6
Description: Mouse Monoclonal human CD55/Daf Antibody Biotin Conjugated, Flow Validated. Validated in Flow Cytometry and tested in Human.

Anti-human CD33/Siglec 3 Monoclonal Antibody Biotin Conjugated, Flow Validated
FC01508-Biotin 100µg
EUR 280.8
Description: Mouse Monoclonal human CD33/Siglec 3 Antibody Biotin Conjugated, Flow Validated. Validated in Flow Cytometry and tested in Human.

Anti-human CD22/Siglec 2 Monoclonal Antibody Biotin Conjugated, Flow Validated
FC01572-Biotin 100µg
EUR 279.6
Description: Mouse Monoclonal human CD22/Siglec 2 Antibody Biotin Conjugated, Flow Validated. Validated in Flow Cytometry and tested in Human.

PD1 Antibody [7H6] (biotin)
RF16003-biotin-002mg 0.02 mg
EUR 229.7
Description: Cell-mediated immune responses are initiated by T lymphocytes that are themselves stimulated by cognate peptides bound to MHC molecules on antigen-presenting cells (APC). T-cell activation is generally self-limited as activated T cells express receptors such as PD-1 (also known as PDCD-1) that mediate inhibitory signals from the APC. PD-1 can bind two different but related ligands, PDL-1 and PDL-2. Upon binding to either of these ligands, signals generated by PD-1 inhibit the activation of the immune response in the absence of "danger signals" such as LPS or other molecules associated with bacteria or other pathogens. Evidence for this is seen in PD-1-null mice who exhibit hyperactivated immune systems and autoimmune diseases. PD-1 is thus one of a growing number of immune checkpoint proteins.

PD1 Antibody [7H6] (biotin)
RF16003-biotin-01mg 0.1 mg
EUR 594.26
Description: Cell-mediated immune responses are initiated by T lymphocytes that are themselves stimulated by cognate peptides bound to MHC molecules on antigen-presenting cells (APC). T-cell activation is generally self-limited as activated T cells express receptors such as PD-1 (also known as PDCD-1) that mediate inhibitory signals from the APC. PD-1 can bind two different but related ligands, PDL-1 and PDL-2. Upon binding to either of these ligands, signals generated by PD-1 inhibit the activation of the immune response in the absence of "danger signals" such as LPS or other molecules associated with bacteria or other pathogens. Evidence for this is seen in PD-1-null mice who exhibit hyperactivated immune systems and autoimmune diseases. PD-1 is thus one of a growing number of immune checkpoint proteins.

PDL1 Antibody [8E12] (biotin)
RF16032-biotin-002mg 0.02 mg
EUR 229.7
Description: PD-L1 Antibody: Cell-mediated immune responses are initiated by T lymphocytes that are themselves stimulated by cognate peptides bound to MHC molecules on antigen-presenting cells (APC) (1). T-cell activation is generally self-limited as activated T cells express receptors such as PD-1 (also known as PDCD-1) that mediate inhibitory signals from the APC (2). PD-1 can bind two different but related ligands, PD-L1 and PD-L2. PD-L1 is a B7-related protein that inhibits cell-mediated immune responses by reducing the secretion of IL-2 and IL-10 from memory T cells (3). This suggests that PD-L1 may be useful in reducing allogenic CD4+ memory T-cell responses to endothelial cells, thereby reducing the likelihood of host immune responses to allografts. PD-L1 also functions as an immune checkpoint protein, and multiple anti-PD-L1 antibodies are currently in phase II and III clinical trials, with one antibody already approved for the treatment of cancer (4).

PDL1 Antibody [8E12] (biotin)
RF16032-biotin-01mg 0.1 mg
EUR 594.26
Description: PD-L1 Antibody: Cell-mediated immune responses are initiated by T lymphocytes that are themselves stimulated by cognate peptides bound to MHC molecules on antigen-presenting cells (APC) (1). T-cell activation is generally self-limited as activated T cells express receptors such as PD-1 (also known as PDCD-1) that mediate inhibitory signals from the APC (2). PD-1 can bind two different but related ligands, PD-L1 and PD-L2. PD-L1 is a B7-related protein that inhibits cell-mediated immune responses by reducing the secretion of IL-2 and IL-10 from memory T cells (3). This suggests that PD-L1 may be useful in reducing allogenic CD4+ memory T-cell responses to endothelial cells, thereby reducing the likelihood of host immune responses to allografts. PD-L1 also functions as an immune checkpoint protein, and multiple anti-PD-L1 antibodies are currently in phase II and III clinical trials, with one antibody already approved for the treatment of cancer (4).

TIGIT Antibody [10B1] (biotin)
RF16058-biotin-002mg 0.02 mg
EUR 229.7
Description: TIGIT Antibody: The T cell immunoreceptor with Ig and ITIM domains (TIGIT) is a member of the PVR (poliovirus receptor) family of immunoglobin proteins. It is expressed on several classes of T cells including follicular B helper T cells (TFH). TIGIT has been shown to bind PVR with high affinity; this binding is thought to assist interactions between TFH and dendritic cells to regulate T cell dependent B cell responses (1). Similar to other immune checkpoint proteins such as PD-1, TIGIT is upregulated on exhausted T cells in chronic viral infections and cancer. Blockade of both TIGIT and PD-1 pathways leads to tumor rejection in mice suggesting that it may be of therapeutic use against cancer (2).

TIGIT Antibody [10B1] (biotin)
RF16058-biotin-01mg 0.1 mg
EUR 594.26
Description: TIGIT Antibody: The T cell immunoreceptor with Ig and ITIM domains (TIGIT) is a member of the PVR (poliovirus receptor) family of immunoglobin proteins. It is expressed on several classes of T cells including follicular B helper T cells (TFH). TIGIT has been shown to bind PVR with high affinity; this binding is thought to assist interactions between TFH and dendritic cells to regulate T cell dependent B cell responses (1). Similar to other immune checkpoint proteins such as PD-1, TIGIT is upregulated on exhausted T cells in chronic viral infections and cancer. Blockade of both TIGIT and PD-1 pathways leads to tumor rejection in mice suggesting that it may be of therapeutic use against cancer (2).

TIM3 Antibody [10C10] (biotin)
RF16103-biotin-002mg 0.02 mg
EUR 229.7
Description: The immune checkpoint protein TIM3 is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily and TIM family of proteins that was initially identified as a specific marker of fully differentiated IFN-γ producing CD4 T helper 1 (Th1) and CD8 cytotoxic cells. It is a Th1-specific cell surface protein that regulates macrophage activation and negatively regulates Th1-mediated auto- and alloimmune responses, and is also highly expressed on regulatory T cells, monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells (1). TIM3 and PD-1 are co-expressed on most CD4 and CD8 T cells infiltrating solid tumors or in hematologic malignancy in mice; blocking TIM3 in conjugation with a PD-1 blockade increases the functionality of exhausted T cells and synergizes with to inhibit tumor growth (2,3).

TIM3 Antibody [10C10] (biotin)
RF16103-biotin-01mg 0.1 mg
EUR 594.26
Description: The immune checkpoint protein TIM3 is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily and TIM family of proteins that was initially identified as a specific marker of fully differentiated IFN-γ producing CD4 T helper 1 (Th1) and CD8 cytotoxic cells. It is a Th1-specific cell surface protein that regulates macrophage activation and negatively regulates Th1-mediated auto- and alloimmune responses, and is also highly expressed on regulatory T cells, monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells (1). TIM3 and PD-1 are co-expressed on most CD4 and CD8 T cells infiltrating solid tumors or in hematologic malignancy in mice; blocking TIM3 in conjugation with a PD-1 blockade increases the functionality of exhausted T cells and synergizes with to inhibit tumor growth (2,3).

Exosome complex exonuclease DIS3 (DIS3) Antibody (Biotin)
20-abx335639
  • EUR 493.20
  • EUR 2214.00
  • EUR 718.80
  • EUR 218.40
  • EUR 360.00
  • 100 ug
  • 1 mg
  • 200 ug
  • 20 ug
  • 50 ug

ReadiLink™ Biotin Nick Translation dsDNA Labeling Kit
17470 10 Reactions
EUR 203

ReadiLink™ Biotin Nick Translation dsDNA Labeling Kit
17471 20 Reactions
EUR 308

ReadiLink™ Biotin Oligo and ssDNA Labeling Kit
17490 10 Reactions
EUR 255

ReadiLink™ Biotin Oligo and ssDNA Labeling Kit
17491 20 Reactions
EUR 360

Psoriasis Exosome
P141-PS - Ask for price

Labeling Tape, Blue
TP001B 1ROLLS, 1 UNIT
EUR 64.42

Labeling Tape, Red
TP002R 1ROLLS, 1 UNIT
EUR 64.42

Labeling Tape, White
TP003W 1ROLLS, 1 UNIT
EUR 64.42

Labeling Tape, Yellow
TP004Y 1ROLLS, 1 UNIT
EUR 64.42

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike Antibody (biotin)
3525-biotin-002mg 0.02 mg
EUR 229.7
Description: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), formerly known as 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease, is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, a virus closely related to the SARS virus (1). The disease is the cause of the 2019–20 coronavirus outbreak (2). The structure of 2019-nCoV consists of the following: a Spike protein (S), hemagglutinin-esterease dimer (HE), a membrane glycoprotein (M), an envelope protein (E) a nucleoclapid protein (N) and RNA. Coronavirus invades cells through Spike (S) glycoproteins, a class I fusion protein. It is the major viral surface protein that coronavirus uses to bind to the human cell surface receptor. It also mediates the fusion of host and viral cell membrane, allowing the virus to enter human cells and begin infection (3). The spike protein is the major target for neutralizing antibodies and vaccine development (4). The protein modeling suggests that there is strong interaction between Spike protein receptor-binding domain and its host receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which regulate both the cross-species and human-to-human transmissions of COVID-19 (5). The recent study has shown that the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binds ACE2 with higher affinity than SARS-CoV spike protein (6).

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike Antibody (biotin)
3525-biotin-01mg 0.1 mg
EUR 594.26
Description: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), formerly known as 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease, is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, a virus closely related to the SARS virus (1). The disease is the cause of the 2019–20 coronavirus outbreak (2). The structure of 2019-nCoV consists of the following: a Spike protein (S), hemagglutinin-esterease dimer (HE), a membrane glycoprotein (M), an envelope protein (E) a nucleoclapid protein (N) and RNA. Coronavirus invades cells through Spike (S) glycoproteins, a class I fusion protein. It is the major viral surface protein that coronavirus uses to bind to the human cell surface receptor. It also mediates the fusion of host and viral cell membrane, allowing the virus to enter human cells and begin infection (3). The spike protein is the major target for neutralizing antibodies and vaccine development (4). The protein modeling suggests that there is strong interaction between Spike protein receptor-binding domain and its host receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which regulate both the cross-species and human-to-human transmissions of COVID-19 (5). The recent study has shown that the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binds ACE2 with higher affinity than SARS-CoV spike protein (6).

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Envelope Antibody (biotin)
3531-biotin-002mg 0.02 mg
EUR 229.7
Description: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), formerly known as 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease, is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, a virus closely related to the SARS virus (1). The disease is the cause of the 2019–20 coronavirus outbreak (2). The structure of 2019-nCoV consists of the following: a spike protein (S), hemagglutinin-esterease dimer (HE), a membrane glycoprotein (M), an envelope protein (E) a nucleoclapid protein (N) and RNA. Envelope protein is a small polypeptide that contains at least one alpha-helical transmembrane domain. It involves in several aspects of the virus's life cycle, such as assembly, budding, envelope formation, and pathogenesis. E protein has membrane permeabilizing activity, which provides a possible rationale to inhibit in vitro ion channel activity of some synthetic coronavirus E proteins, and also viral replication (3).

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Envelope Antibody (biotin)
3531-biotin-01mg 0.1 mg
EUR 594.26
Description: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), formerly known as 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease, is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, a virus closely related to the SARS virus (1). The disease is the cause of the 2019–20 coronavirus outbreak (2). The structure of 2019-nCoV consists of the following: a spike protein (S), hemagglutinin-esterease dimer (HE), a membrane glycoprotein (M), an envelope protein (E) a nucleoclapid protein (N) and RNA. Envelope protein is a small polypeptide that contains at least one alpha-helical transmembrane domain. It involves in several aspects of the virus's life cycle, such as assembly, budding, envelope formation, and pathogenesis. E protein has membrane permeabilizing activity, which provides a possible rationale to inhibit in vitro ion channel activity of some synthetic coronavirus E proteins, and also viral replication (3).

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Nucleocapsid Antibody (biotin)
9099-biotin-002mg 0.02 mg
EUR 229.7
Description: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), formerly known as 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease, is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, a virus closely related to the SARS virus. The disease is the cause of the 2019–20 coronavirus outbreak (1). SARS-CoV-2 is the seventh member of the enveloped, positive-stranded RNA viruses that are able to infect humans. The SARS-CoV-2 genome, like other coronaviruses, encodes for multiple structural and nonstructural proteins. The structural proteins include spike protein (S), envelope protein (E), membrane glycoprotein (M), nucleocapsid phosphoprotein (N), and the nonstructural proteins include open reading frame 1ab (ORF1ab), ORF3a, ORF6, ORF7a, ORF8, and ORF10 (2). Nucleocapsid (N) protein is the most abundant protein of coronavirus. It is also one of the major structural proteins and is involved in the transcription and replication of viral RNA, packaging of the encapsidated genome into virions (3), and interference with cell cycle processes of host cells (4). Moreover, in many coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV, the N protein has high immunogenic activity and is abundantly expressed during infection (5). It can be detected in various patient samples including nasopharyngeal aspirate, urine, and fecal. Both S and N proteins may be potential antigens for serodiagnosis of COVID-19, just as many diagnostic methods have been developed for diagnosing SARS based on S and/or N proteins (6).

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Nucleocapsid Antibody (biotin)
9099-biotin-01mg 0.1 mg
EUR 594.26
Description: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), formerly known as 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease, is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, a virus closely related to the SARS virus. The disease is the cause of the 2019–20 coronavirus outbreak (1). SARS-CoV-2 is the seventh member of the enveloped, positive-stranded RNA viruses that are able to infect humans. The SARS-CoV-2 genome, like other coronaviruses, encodes for multiple structural and nonstructural proteins. The structural proteins include spike protein (S), envelope protein (E), membrane glycoprotein (M), nucleocapsid phosphoprotein (N), and the nonstructural proteins include open reading frame 1ab (ORF1ab), ORF3a, ORF6, ORF7a, ORF8, and ORF10 (2). Nucleocapsid (N) protein is the most abundant protein of coronavirus. It is also one of the major structural proteins and is involved in the transcription and replication of viral RNA, packaging of the encapsidated genome into virions (3), and interference with cell cycle processes of host cells (4). Moreover, in many coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV, the N protein has high immunogenic activity and is abundantly expressed during infection (5). It can be detected in various patient samples including nasopharyngeal aspirate, urine, and fecal. Both S and N proteins may be potential antigens for serodiagnosis of COVID-19, just as many diagnostic methods have been developed for diagnosing SARS based on S and/or N proteins (6).

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Nucleocapsid Antibody (biotin)
9103-biotin-002mg 0.02 mg
EUR 229.7
Description: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), formerly known as 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease, is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, a virus closely related to the SARS virus. The disease is the cause of the 2019–20 coronavirus outbreak (1). SARS-CoV-2 is the seventh member of the enveloped, positive-stranded RNA viruses that are able to infect humans. The SARS-CoV-2 genome, like other coronaviruses, encodes for multiple structural and nonstructural proteins. The structural proteins include spike protein (S), envelope protein (E), membrane glycoprotein (M), nucleocapsid phosphoprotein (N), and the nonstructural proteins include open reading frame 1ab (ORF1ab), ORF3a, ORF6, ORF7a, ORF8, and ORF10 (2). Nucleocapsid (N) protein is the most abundant protein of coronavirus. It is also one of the major structural proteins and is involved in the transcription and replication of viral RNA, packaging of the encapsidated genome into virions (3), and interference with cell cycle processes of host cells (4). Moreover, in many coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV, the N protein has high immunogenic activity and is abundantly expressed during infection (5). It can be detected in various patient samples including nasopharyngeal aspirate, urine, and fecal. Both S and N proteins may be potential antigens for serodiagnosis of COVID-19, just as many diagnostic methods have been developed for diagnosing SARS based on S and/or N proteins (6).

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Nucleocapsid Antibody (biotin)
9103-biotin-01mg 0.1 mg
EUR 594.26
Description: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), formerly known as 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease, is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, a virus closely related to the SARS virus. The disease is the cause of the 2019–20 coronavirus outbreak (1). SARS-CoV-2 is the seventh member of the enveloped, positive-stranded RNA viruses that are able to infect humans. The SARS-CoV-2 genome, like other coronaviruses, encodes for multiple structural and nonstructural proteins. The structural proteins include spike protein (S), envelope protein (E), membrane glycoprotein (M), nucleocapsid phosphoprotein (N), and the nonstructural proteins include open reading frame 1ab (ORF1ab), ORF3a, ORF6, ORF7a, ORF8, and ORF10 (2). Nucleocapsid (N) protein is the most abundant protein of coronavirus. It is also one of the major structural proteins and is involved in the transcription and replication of viral RNA, packaging of the encapsidated genome into virions (3), and interference with cell cycle processes of host cells (4). Moreover, in many coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV, the N protein has high immunogenic activity and is abundantly expressed during infection (5). It can be detected in various patient samples including nasopharyngeal aspirate, urine, and fecal. Both S and N proteins may be potential antigens for serodiagnosis of COVID-19, just as many diagnostic methods have been developed for diagnosing SARS based on S and/or N proteins (6).

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Membrane Antibody (biotin)
9157-biotin-002mg 0.02 mg
EUR 229.7
Description: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), formerly known as 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease, is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, a virus closely related to the SARS virus. The disease is the cause of the 2019–20 coronavirus outbreak (1). SARS-CoV-2 is the seventh member of the enveloped, positive-stranded RNA viruses that are able to infect humans. The SARS-CoV-2 genome, like other coronaviruses, encodes for multiple structural and nonstructural proteins. The structural proteins include spike protein (S), envelope protein (E), membrane glycoprotein (M), nucleocapsid phosphoprotein (N), and the nonstructural proteins include open reading frame 1ab (ORF1ab), ORF3a, ORF6, ORF7a, ORF8, and ORF10 (2).The membrane (M) protein or matrix protein is the most abundant structural protein and defines the shape of the viral envelope (3). It is an integral membrane protein involved in the budding of the viral particles and interacts with S (Spike) protein. It involves in organization of the nucleoprotein inside, which includes many copies of the N (nucleocapsid) protein bound to the genomic RNA. The M protein holds dominant cellular immunogenicity and has been determined as a protective antigen in humoral responses, which suggests it would serve as a potential target in vaccine design (4).

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Membrane Antibody (biotin)
9157-biotin-01mg 0.1 mg
EUR 594.26
Description: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), formerly known as 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease, is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, a virus closely related to the SARS virus. The disease is the cause of the 2019–20 coronavirus outbreak (1). SARS-CoV-2 is the seventh member of the enveloped, positive-stranded RNA viruses that are able to infect humans. The SARS-CoV-2 genome, like other coronaviruses, encodes for multiple structural and nonstructural proteins. The structural proteins include spike protein (S), envelope protein (E), membrane glycoprotein (M), nucleocapsid phosphoprotein (N), and the nonstructural proteins include open reading frame 1ab (ORF1ab), ORF3a, ORF6, ORF7a, ORF8, and ORF10 (2).The membrane (M) protein or matrix protein is the most abundant structural protein and defines the shape of the viral envelope (3). It is an integral membrane protein involved in the budding of the viral particles and interacts with S (Spike) protein. It involves in organization of the nucleoprotein inside, which includes many copies of the N (nucleocapsid) protein bound to the genomic RNA. The M protein holds dominant cellular immunogenicity and has been determined as a protective antigen in humoral responses, which suggests it would serve as a potential target in vaccine design (4).

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike S1 Antibody (biotin)
9083-biotin-002mg 0.02 mg
EUR 229.7
Description: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), formerly known as 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease, is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, a virus closely related to the SARS virus (1). The disease is the cause of the 2019–20 coronavirus outbreak (2). The structure of 2019-nCoV consists of the following: a Spike protein (S), hemagglutinin-esterease dimer (HE), a membrane glycoprotein (M), an envelope protein (E) a nucleoclapid protein (N) and RNA. Coronavirus invades cells through Spike (S) glycoproteins, a class I fusion protein. It is the major viral surface protein that coronavirus uses to bind to the human cell surface receptor. It also mediates the fusion of host and viral cell membrane, allowing the virus to enter human cells and begin infection (3). The spike protein is the major target for neutralizing antibodies and vaccine development (4). The protein modeling suggests that there is strong interaction between Spike protein receptor-binding domain and its host receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which regulate both the cross-species and human-to-human transmissions of COVID-19 (5). The recent study has shown that the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binds ACE2 with higher affinity than SARS-CoV spike protein (6).

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike S1 Antibody (biotin)
9083-biotin-01mg 0.1 mg
EUR 594.26
Description: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), formerly known as 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease, is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, a virus closely related to the SARS virus (1). The disease is the cause of the 2019–20 coronavirus outbreak (2). The structure of 2019-nCoV consists of the following: a Spike protein (S), hemagglutinin-esterease dimer (HE), a membrane glycoprotein (M), an envelope protein (E) a nucleoclapid protein (N) and RNA. Coronavirus invades cells through Spike (S) glycoproteins, a class I fusion protein. It is the major viral surface protein that coronavirus uses to bind to the human cell surface receptor. It also mediates the fusion of host and viral cell membrane, allowing the virus to enter human cells and begin infection (3). The spike protein is the major target for neutralizing antibodies and vaccine development (4). The protein modeling suggests that there is strong interaction between Spike protein receptor-binding domain and its host receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which regulate both the cross-species and human-to-human transmissions of COVID-19 (5). The recent study has shown that the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binds ACE2 with higher affinity than SARS-CoV spike protein (6).

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike RBD Antibody (biotin)
9087-biotin-002mg 0.02 mg
EUR 229.7
Description: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), formerly known as 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease, is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, a virus closely related to the SARS virus (1). The disease is the cause of the 2019–20 coronavirus outbreak (2). The structure of 2019-nCoV consists of the following: a Spike protein (S), hemagglutinin-esterease dimer (HE), a membrane glycoprotein (M), an envelope protein (E) a nucleoclapid protein (N) and RNA. Coronavirus invades cells through Spike (S) glycoproteins, a class I fusion protein. It is the major viral surface protein that coronavirus uses to bind to the human cell surface receptor. It also mediates the fusion of host and viral cell membrane, allowing the virus to enter human cells and begin infection (3). The spike protein is the major target for neutralizing antibodies and vaccine development (4). The protein modeling suggests that there is strong interaction between Spike protein receptor-binding domain and its host receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which regulate both the cross-species and human-to-human transmissions of COVID-19 (5). The recent study has shown that the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binds ACE2 with higher affinity than SARS-CoV spike protein (6).

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike RBD Antibody (biotin)
9087-biotin-01mg 0.1 mg
EUR 594.26
Description: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), formerly known as 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease, is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, a virus closely related to the SARS virus (1). The disease is the cause of the 2019–20 coronavirus outbreak (2). The structure of 2019-nCoV consists of the following: a Spike protein (S), hemagglutinin-esterease dimer (HE), a membrane glycoprotein (M), an envelope protein (E) a nucleoclapid protein (N) and RNA. Coronavirus invades cells through Spike (S) glycoproteins, a class I fusion protein. It is the major viral surface protein that coronavirus uses to bind to the human cell surface receptor. It also mediates the fusion of host and viral cell membrane, allowing the virus to enter human cells and begin infection (3). The spike protein is the major target for neutralizing antibodies and vaccine development (4). The protein modeling suggests that there is strong interaction between Spike protein receptor-binding domain and its host receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which regulate both the cross-species and human-to-human transmissions of COVID-19 (5). The recent study has shown that the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binds ACE2 with higher affinity than SARS-CoV spike protein (6).

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike 681P Antibody (biotin)
9091-biotin-002mg 0.02 mg
EUR 229.7
Description: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), formerly known as 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease, is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, a virus closely related to the SARS virus (1). The disease is the cause of the 2019–20 coronavirus outbreak (2). The structure of 2019-nCoV consists of the following: a Spike protein (S), hemagglutinin-esterease dimer (HE), a membrane glycoprotein (M), an envelope protein (E) a nucleoclapid protein (N) and RNA. Coronavirus invades cells through Spike (S) glycoproteins, a class I fusion protein. It is the major viral surface protein that coronavirus uses to bind to the human cell surface receptor. It also mediates the fusion of host and viral cell membrane, allowing the virus to enter human cells and begin infection (3). The spike protein is the major target for neutralizing antibodies and vaccine development (4). The protein modeling suggests that there is strong interaction between Spike protein receptor-binding domain and its host receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which regulate both the cross-species and human-to-human transmissions of COVID-19 (5). The recent study has shown that the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binds ACE2 with higher affinity than SARS-CoV spike protein (6).

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike 681P Antibody (biotin)
9091-biotin-01mg 0.1 mg
EUR 594.26
Description: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), formerly known as 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease, is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, a virus closely related to the SARS virus (1). The disease is the cause of the 2019–20 coronavirus outbreak (2). The structure of 2019-nCoV consists of the following: a Spike protein (S), hemagglutinin-esterease dimer (HE), a membrane glycoprotein (M), an envelope protein (E) a nucleoclapid protein (N) and RNA. Coronavirus invades cells through Spike (S) glycoproteins, a class I fusion protein. It is the major viral surface protein that coronavirus uses to bind to the human cell surface receptor. It also mediates the fusion of host and viral cell membrane, allowing the virus to enter human cells and begin infection (3). The spike protein is the major target for neutralizing antibodies and vaccine development (4). The protein modeling suggests that there is strong interaction between Spike protein receptor-binding domain and its host receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which regulate both the cross-species and human-to-human transmissions of COVID-19 (5). The recent study has shown that the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binds ACE2 with higher affinity than SARS-CoV spike protein (6).

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike S2 Antibody (biotin)
9123-biotin-002mg 0.02 mg
EUR 229.7
Description: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), formerly known as 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease, is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, a virus closely related to the SARS virus (1). The disease is the cause of the 2019–20 coronavirus outbreak (2). The structure of 2019-nCoV consists of the following: a Spike protein (S), hemagglutinin-esterease dimer (HE), a membrane glycoprotein (M), an envelope protein (E) a nucleoclapid protein (N) and RNA. Coronavirus invades cells through Spike (S) glycoproteins, a class I fusion protein. It is the major viral surface protein that coronavirus uses to bind to the human cell surface receptor. It also mediates the fusion of host and viral cell membrane, allowing the virus to enter human cells and begin infection (3). The spike protein is the major target for neutralizing antibodies and vaccine development (4). The protein modeling suggests that there is strong interaction between Spike protein receptor-binding domain and its host receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which regulate both the cross-species and human-to-human transmissions of COVID-19 (5). The recent study has shown that the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binds ACE2 with higher affinity than SARS-CoV spike protein (6).

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike S2 Antibody (biotin)
9123-biotin-01mg 0.1 mg
EUR 594.26
Description: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), formerly known as 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease, is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, a virus closely related to the SARS virus (1). The disease is the cause of the 2019–20 coronavirus outbreak (2). The structure of 2019-nCoV consists of the following: a Spike protein (S), hemagglutinin-esterease dimer (HE), a membrane glycoprotein (M), an envelope protein (E) a nucleoclapid protein (N) and RNA. Coronavirus invades cells through Spike (S) glycoproteins, a class I fusion protein. It is the major viral surface protein that coronavirus uses to bind to the human cell surface receptor. It also mediates the fusion of host and viral cell membrane, allowing the virus to enter human cells and begin infection (3). The spike protein is the major target for neutralizing antibodies and vaccine development (4). The protein modeling suggests that there is strong interaction between Spike protein receptor-binding domain and its host receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which regulate both the cross-species and human-to-human transmissions of COVID-19 (5). The recent study has shown that the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binds ACE2 with higher affinity than SARS-CoV spike protein (6).

Mouse anti-human CD7 Monoclonal Antibody Biotin Conjugated, Flow Validated
FC01974-1-Biotin 100µg
EUR 279.6
Description: Mouse Monoclonal Mouse human CD7 Antibody Biotin Conjugated, Flow Validated. Validated in Flow Cytometry and tested in Human.

Exosome precipitation Solution
EPStep 12 ml
EUR 333

Leukemia - ALL Exosome
P141-ALL - Ask for price

Leukemia - AML Exosome
P141-AML - Ask for price

Bladder Cancer Exosome
P141-BL - Ask for price

Breast Cancer Exosome
P141-BR - Ask for price

Leukemia - CLL Exosome
P141-CLL - Ask for price

Leukemia - CML Exosome
P141-CML - Ask for price

Colorectal Cancer Exosome
P141-CO - Ask for price

Crohn's Disease Exosome
P141-CR - Ask for price

Kidney Cancer Exosome
P141-KN - Ask for price

Lung Cancer Exosome
P141-LG - Ask for price

Liver Cancer Exosome
P141-LV - Ask for price

Nasopharyngeal Cancer Exosome
P141-NA - Ask for price

Prostate Cancer Exosome
P141-PR - Ask for price

Rheumatoid Arthritis Exosome
P141-RA - Ask for price

Thyroid Cancer Exosome
P141-TH - Ask for price

Lyophilized Exosome Standards
ExoA375 100 μg
EUR 364.2

Lyophilized Exosome Standards
ExoHT29 100 μg
EUR 364.2

Lyophilized Exosome Standards
ExoMCF7 100 μg
EUR 364.2

Lyophilized Exosome Standards
ExoPC3 100 μg
EUR 364.2

Lyophilized Exosome Standards
ExoPLASMA 100 μg
EUR 364.2

Lyophilized Exosome Standards
ExoUrine 100 μg
EUR 364.2

Psoriasis Exosome RNA
P241-PS - Ask for price

Anti-cTnI McAb (labeling)
E63C00404 100ug
EUR 458.4

Anti-PCT McAb (labeling)
E63C00904 100ug
EUR 458.4

HIV-1 p24 Antibody [8G9] (biotin)
PM-6335-biotin-002mg 0.02 mg
EUR 206.18
Description: HIV-1 p24 Monoclonal Antibody: The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) particle consists of an envelope, a core and the region between the two termed matrix (1). The HIV-1 Gag protein is a late structural protein that contains four proteins: matrix (p17), capsid (p24), nucleocapsid (p7) and the p6 protein (2). The p24 constitutes the major core component of the virus and shows high degree of sequence conservation among HIV isolates. The Gag p24 has been used as an integral part of multicomponent HIV-1 vaccines (3).

HIV-1 p24 Antibody [8G9] (biotin)
PM-6335-biotin-01mg 0.1 mg
EUR 523.7
Description: HIV-1 p24 Monoclonal Antibody: The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) particle consists of an envelope, a core and the region between the two termed matrix (1). The HIV-1 Gag protein is a late structural protein that contains four proteins: matrix (p17), capsid (p24), nucleocapsid (p7) and the p6 protein (2). The p24 constitutes the major core component of the virus and shows high degree of sequence conservation among HIV isolates. The Gag p24 has been used as an integral part of multicomponent HIV-1 vaccines (3).

HIV-1 p24 Antibody [7F4] (biotin)
PM-6585-biotin-002mg 0.02 mg
EUR 206.18
Description: HIV-1 p24 Monoclonal Antibody: The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) particle consists of an envelope, a core and the region between the two termed matrix (1). The HIV-1 Gag protein is a late structural protein that contains four proteins: matrix (p17), capsid (p24), nucleocapsid (p7) and the p6 protein (2). The p24 constitutes the major core component of the virus and shows high degree of sequence conservation among HIV isolates. The Gag p24 has been used as an integral part of multicomponent HIV-1 vaccines (3).

HIV-1 p24 Antibody [7F4] (biotin)
PM-6585-biotin-01mg 0.1 mg
EUR 523.7
Description: HIV-1 p24 Monoclonal Antibody: The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) particle consists of an envelope, a core and the region between the two termed matrix (1). The HIV-1 Gag protein is a late structural protein that contains four proteins: matrix (p17), capsid (p24), nucleocapsid (p7) and the p6 protein (2). The p24 constitutes the major core component of the virus and shows high degree of sequence conservation among HIV isolates. The Gag p24 has been used as an integral part of multicomponent HIV-1 vaccines (3).

Exosome Isolation kit (for serum & plasma -Exosome-RNA-NGS)
P101NGS - Ask for price

Mix-n-Stain CF350 Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(50-100ug) labeling
92230 1KIT
EUR 222
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain CF405S Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(50-100ug) labeling
92231 1KIT
EUR 222
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain CF405M Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(50-100ug) labeling
92232 1KIT
EUR 222
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain CF488A Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(50-100ug) labeling
92233 1KIT
EUR 222
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain CF555 Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(50-100ug) labeling
92234 1KIT
EUR 222
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain CF568 Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(50-100ug) labeling
92235 1KIT
EUR 222
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain CF594 Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(50-100ug) labeling
92236 1KIT
EUR 222
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain CF633 Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(50-100ug) labeling
92237 1KIT
EUR 222
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

Mix-n-Stain CF647 Antibody Labeling Kit, 1x(50-100ug) labeling
92238 1KIT
EUR 222
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1KIT

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